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Abstract:
Abstract: The development of frontal-striatal brain regions
appears to parallel the increase in children's ability to
efficiently inhibit prepotent responding. fMRI studies with
children have found activation in the prefrontal cortex, anterior
cingulate and basal ganglia associated with response inhibition
during the Go/No-Go task. Activation differed as a function of task
performance. Another structure that has been linked to attention
and anticipatory control is the cerebellum. The present study
examined the possibility that the cerebellum is also part of the
response inhibition network. Children ranging in age from 8 to 13
were scanned while performing a version of the Go/No-Go task. The
Go/No-Go paradigm requires an individual to respond repeatedly to
rapidly presented target stimuli while inhibiting their response to
a non-target stimulus. Stimuli consisted of three target shapes and
a non-target shape. During the Go condition, the subject received
only target stimuli. In the subsequent No-Go condition target
stimuli were intermixed with the non-target which occurred 50% of
the time and subjects were required to inhibit their responding.
Preliminary analyses suggest a specific area of the left lateral
cerebellar hemisphere was activated during the No-Go as compared to
the Go condition. This area was not associated with the motor
aspects of the task. Response inhibition was also associated with
activation in the anterior cingulate and regions of prefrontal
cortex.94B
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