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Abstract:
Abstract: The Inhibition of Return (IOR) effect, slower
responses to a target appearing in a cued compared to a non-cued
region of space, was originally proposed to be the result of active
inhibition of a previously attended spatial location (Posner &
Cohen, 1984). Subsequent research has demonstrated that the IOR
effect occurs with cross-modal cues/targets, has multiple
components (e.g. object- and location-based in visual modality,
location- and frequency-based in auditory modality) and is observed
in a variety of tasks (e.g. detection and discrimination).
Additionally, empirical data suggests both cortical and subcortical
structures are required to mediate the effect. To date, no
systematic model for IOR has been proposed which encompasses all of
the known characteristics of the effect(s). Data will be presented
which demonstrates that a simple response-bias account (e.g. Taylor
& Klein, 1998) is insufficient. A model will be presented that
is consistent with evidence that IOR reflects inhibition of
attentional mechanisms while requiring intact oculomotor
structures. The relationship between IOR and the saccadic
eye-movement system will be discussed and candidate cortical and
subcortical neuroanatomical structures proposed. It is intended
that this effort may provide a more complete framework in which to
consider present knowledge concerning the IOR effect(s) and provide
guidance for future work.
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