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Abstract:
Partial information can trigger a complete memory. At the same
time, human memory is not perfect. A cue can contain enough
information to specify an item in memory, but fail to trigger
that item. In the context of word memory, we present experiments
that demonstrate some basic patterns in human memory errors. We
use cues that consist of word fragments. We show that short and
long cues are completed more accurately than medium length ones
and study some of the factors that lead to this behavior. We then
present a novel computational model that shows some of the
flexibility and patterns of errors that occur in human memory.
This model iterates between bottom-up and top-down computations.
These are tied together using a Markov model of words that allows
memory to be accessed with a simple feature set, and enables a
bottom-up process to compute a probability distribution of
possible completions of word fragments, in a manner similar to
models of visual perceptual completion.
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