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Handaxes and Ice Age Carvings: Hard Evidence for the Evolution of Consciousness

 Steven Mithen
  
 

Abstract:

As an archaeologist my interest is not with consciousness as raw sensation, but with high level, access or reflective consciousness-consciousness in terms of thoughts about our own thoughts and about our feelings; consciousness in terms of knowing about one's own mind. This is quite different from consciousness in terms of being and feeling that I guess is the root the matter: those roots are buried much too deep in our evolutionary past for an archaeologist to find; they may go back way before the first hominid like creature appeared on the earth perhaps as Stuart Hameroff (1998) suggests to the Cambrian explosion itself. As an archaeologist concerned with just the last 6 million years of evolution I have what might be the trivial problem to address, no more than the twigs, the buds and then the final flowering of consciousness.

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