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Heckenlively: Reference

May 2006
ISBN 0-262-08346-9
8.5 x 11, 999 pp., 614 illus.
24-page color insert
$150.00/£96.95 (CLOTH)

Principles and Practice of Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision, 2nd Edition
Edited by John R. Heckenlively and Geoffrey B. Arden

This authoritative text is the only comprehensive reference available on electrophysiologic vision testing, offering both practical information on techniques and problems as well as basic physiology and anatomy, theoretical concepts, and clinical correlations. The second edition of the widely used text offers extensive new material and updated information: 65 of the 84 chapters are completely new, with the changes reflecting recent advances in the field.

John R. Heckenlively is Paul R. Lichter Professor of Ophthalmic Genetics and Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center in Ann Arbor.

Geoffrey B. Arden is Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Henry Wellcome Research Laboratories, City University, Northampton Square, London.

Table of Contents

	Foreword
	Preface to the Second Edition
	Preface to the First Edition
I.	HISTORY AND BACKGROUND TO MODERN TESTING
	1.	History of the Electroretinogram A. F. de Rouck
	2.	History of Electro-Oculography Geoffrey B. Arden
	3.	History of Visual Evoked Cortical Testing Graham F. A. Harding
II.	ANATOMY OF THE RETINA, PRINCIPLES OF CELL BIOLOGY IN THE VISUAL PATHWAYS: FUNCTIONAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, MOLECULAR, BIOLOGICAL
	4.	The Photoreceptor–Retinal Pigment Epithelium Interface Gregory S. Hageman and Lincoln V. Johnson
	5.	Membrane Mechanisms of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Olaf Strauss
	6.	Functional Organization of the Retina Helga Kolb
	7.	Phototransduction and Photoreceptor Physiology W. Clay Smith
	8.	Synaptic Transmission: Sensitivity Control Mechanisms Gertrude Falk and Richard Shiells
	9.	Structure and Function of Retinal Synapses: Role of Cell Adhesion Molecules and Extracellular Matrix William J. Brunken, Thomas Claudepierre, Mary K. Manglapus, and Dale D. Hunter
	10.	Central Disorders of Vision in Humans Christopher A. Girkin
III.	ORIGINS OF SLOW ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL COMPONENTS
	11.	Origin and Significance of the Electro-Oculogram Geoffrey B. Arden
	12.	Orgins of the Electroretinogram Laura J. Frishman
	13.	The Origin of the Pattern Electroretinogram Michael Bach and Michael B. Hoffmann
	14.	The Multifocal Electroretinographic and Visual Evoked Potential Techniques Donald C. Hood
	15.	Origin of the Visual Evoked Potentials Manfred Fahle and Michael Bach
IV.	EQUIPMENT
	16.	Data Acquisition Systems for Electrodiagnostic Testing Chris Hogg and Steven Nusinowitz
	17.	Electrodes for Visual Testing Stuart G. Coupland
	18.	Amplifiers and Special-Purpose Data Acquisition Systems J. Vernon Odom
	19.	Stimulus Devices, Calibration, and Measurement of Light Chris Hogg
V.	DATA ACQUISITION
	20.1.	Introduction to the ISCEV Standards Michael F. Marmor and Eberhart Zrenner (for the international society for clinical electrophysiology of vision)
	20.2.	EOG Standard Michael F. Marmor and Eberhart Zrenner (for the international society for clinical electrophysiology of vision)
	20.3.	Standard for Clinical Electroretinography Michael F. Marmor, Graham E. Holder, Mathias W. Seeliger, and Shuichi Yamamoto (for the international society for clinical electrophysiology of vision)
	20.4.	Standard for Pattern Electroretinography Michael Bach, Marko Hawlina, Graham E. Holder, Michael F. Marmor, Thomas Meigen, Vaegan, and Yozo Miyake (for the international society for clinical electrophysiology of vision)
	20.5.	Visual Evoked Potentials Standard J. Vernon Odom, Michael Bach, Colin Barber, Mitchell Brigell, Michael F. Marmor, Alma Patrizia Tormene, Graham E. Holder, and Vaegan (for the international society for clinical electrophysiology of vision)
	20.6.	Guidelines for Basic Multifocal Electroretinography Michael F. Marmor, Donald C. Hood, David Keating, Mineo Kondo, Mathias W. Seeliger, and Yozo Miyake (for the international society for clinical electrophysiology of vision)
	21.	Multifocal Techniques David Keating and Stuart Parks
	22.	The Pattern Electroretinogram Graham E. Holder
	23.	Assessing Infant Acuity, Fusion, and Stereopsis with Visual Evoked Potentials Eileen E. Birch
	24.	Aging and Pattern Visual Evoked Cortical Potential Emiko Adachi-Usami
	25.	Aberrant Albino and Achiasmat Visual Pathways: Noninvasive Electrophysiological Assessment P. Apkarian and L. J. Bour
	26.	Clinical Psychophysical Techniques Kenneth R. Alexander
	27.	Measurement of Contrast Sensitivity Geoffrey B. Arden
	28.	Suppressive Rod-Cone Interaction Thomas E. Frumkes
	29.	The Use of Fluorescein Angiography as an Adjunct to Electrophysiological Testing John R. Heckenlively
VI.	DATA ANALYSIS
	30.	Experimental Design and Data Analyses in Vision Function Testing Steven Nusinowitz
	31.	Analytical Techniques L. Henk van der Tweel and Oscar Estévez
	32.	Reverse Correlation Methods Bevil R. Conway and Margaret S. Livingstone
	33.	Stimulus-Response Functions for the Scotopic b-Wave Anne B. Fulton and Ronald. M. Hansen
	34.	Kernel Analysis J. Vernon Odom
	35.	Measuring the Health of the Human Photoreceptors with the Leading Edge of the a-Wave Donald C. Hood and David G. Birch
VII.	PRINCIPLES OF CLINICAL TESTING
	36.	Localizing Lesions in the Visual System Graham E. Holder
	37.	Paired-Flash ERG Analysis of Rod Phototransduction and Adaptation David R. Pepperberg
	38.	Hyperabnormal (Supranormal) Electroretinographic Responses John R. Heckenlively and Steven Nusinowitz
	39.	Technical Issues in Evaluating Patients for Therapeutic Trials Beth Edmunds, Peter J. Francis, and Richard G. Weleber
VIII.	OTHER PROTOCOLS FOR RECORDING OF ERG AND SLOWER POTENTIALS, TECHNICAL ISSUES, AND AUXILIARY TESTING TECHNIQUES
	40.	EarlyReceptor Potential Gordon L. Fain
	41.	Nonphotic Standing Potential Responses: Hyperosmolarity, Bicarbonate, and Diamox Responses Kazuo Kawasaki, Jhoji Tanabe, and Kenji Wakabayashi
	42.	Direct Current Electroretinogram Sven Erik G. Nilsson
	43.	The Oscillatory Potentials of the Electroretinogram Pierre LaChapelle
	44.	Flicker Electroretinography David G. Birch
	45.	Chromatic Recordings of Electroretinograms Kazuo Kawasaki, Jhoji Tanabe, Kenji Wakabayashi, and Yutaka Shirao
	46.	Adaptation Effects on the Electroretinogram Peter Gouras and Cynthia Mackay
	47.	Clinical Electrophysiological and Psychophysical Investigations into Color Defects Geoffrey B. Arden and Thomas Berninger
	48.	Causes and Cures of Artifacts Geoffrey B. Arden
IX.	PRINCIPLES OF CLINICAL TESTING AND EVALUATION OF VISUAL DYSFUNCTION FROM DEVELOPMENTAL, TOXIC, AND ACQUIRED CAUSES
	49.	Testing Levels of the Visual System John R. Heckenlively, Richard G. Weleber, and Geoffrey B. Arden
	50.	Effects of High Myopia on the Electroretinogram Steven Nusinowitz
	51.	Electrodiagnostic Testing in Malingering and Hysteria Graham E. Holder
	52.	Developmental Amblyopia Dorothy Thompson
	53.	Visual Evoked Potentials in Cortical Blindness Emiko Adachi-Usami
	54.	Drug Side Effects and Toxicology of the Visual System Eberhardt Zrenner
	55.	Mitochondrial Diseases Alvin B. H. Seah and Nancy J. Newman
X.	EVALUATION OF VASCULAR DISEASES, INFLAMMATORY STATES, AND TUMORS
	56.	Diseases of the Middle Retina: Venous and Arterial Occlusions Mary A. Johnson
	57.	Acute Disorders of the Outer Retina, Pigment Epithelium and Choroid Scott E. Brodie
	58.	Autoimmune Retinopathy, CAR and MAR Syndromes John R. Heckenlively, Natalia Aptsiauri, and Graham E. Holder
	59.	Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Graham E. Holder
XI.	CLINICAL DESCRIPTIONS: RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM DISEASES
	60.	Gyrate Atrophy of the Choroid and Retina Richard G. Weleber
	61.	Dominant Drusen Elise Héon, Francis Munier, and Colin Willoughby
	62.	Stargardt Disease David G. Birch
	63.	Bietti's Crystalline Dystrophy of the Cornea and Retina Richard G. Weleber and David J. Wilson
	64.	Leber Congenital Amaurosis Robert K. Koenekoop
	65.	Pattern Dystrophies Michael F. Marmor
	66.	Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy Gerald A. Fishman
	67.	Sorsby's Fundus Dystrophy Michael P. Clarke and Keith W. Mitchell
XII.	DISEASES OF THE OUTER RETINA
	68.	Choroideremia Ian M. MacDonald and Miguel C. Seabra
	69.	Retinitis Pigmentosa David G. Birch
	70.	Cone Dystrophies and Degenerations John R. Heckenlively
	71.	Vitamin A Deficiency Ronald E. Carr
XIII.	DISEASES OF THE MIDRETINA (INCLUDING NEGATIVE WAVEFORM DISEASES)
	72.	Differential Diagnosis of the Electronegative Electroretinogram Richard G. Weleber and Peter J. Francis
	73.	Juvenile X-Linked Retinoschisis Paul A. Sieving, Ian M. MacDonald, and Naheed W. Khan
	74.	Congenital Stationary Night Blindness Yozo Miyake
	75.	Quinine Retinopathy Graham E. Holder
XIV.	OPTIC NERVE AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DYSFUNCTION
	76.	Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Yoshihisa Oguchi
	77.	The Pattern Electroretinogram in Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension Gary L. Trick
	78.	Chiasmal and Retrochiasmal Lesions Graham E. Holder
	79.	Optic Nerve and Central Nervous Dysfunctions: Parkinson's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis Ivan Bodis-Wollner and Andrea Antal
	80.	Diseases of Fatty Acid Storage and Metabolism: Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses and the Long-Chain 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency David G. Birch and Richard G. Weleber
XV.	ANIMAL TESTING
	81.	Evaluating Retinal Function in the Mouse Retina with the Electroretinogram Steven Nusinowitz and John R. Heckenlively
	82.	Electroretinograms of Dog and Chicken Simon Petersen-Jones, Nalinee Tuntivanich, Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira, and Naheed W. Khan
	83.	Electroretinographic Testing in Larger Animals Kristina Narfström
	84.	Visual Evoked Potentials in Animals William Ridder
	Contributors
	Index